// Compute PID myPID.Compute();

// Create PID object PID myPID(&input, &output, &setpoint, Kp, Ki, Kd, DIRECT);

// Variables double setpoint = 50.0; // Target temperature (Celsius) double input = 0.0; // Actual temperature double output = 0.0; // PWM output (0-255)

#include <PID_v1.h> // Define pins const int tempPin = A0; const int setpointPin = A1; const int heaterPin = 9;

// PID tuning parameters (start conservative) double Kp = 30, Ki = 5, Kd = 2;

void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); pinMode(heaterPin, OUTPUT);

Once you’ve tuned your first virtual PID loop in Tinkercad, moving to a physical Arduino with a real thermistor and relay becomes a matter of copying the exact same code. That is the real power: Try it yourself: log into Tinkercad → Circuits → Create new design → Start coding PID today.

// Turn the PID on myPID.SetMode(AUTOMATIC); }

// Read setpoint from potentiometer (map to 20°C - 100°C) int potVal = analogRead(setpointPin); setpoint = map(potVal, 0, 1023, 20, 100);

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