Job sharing is a form of flexible work arrangement in which two or more individuals voluntarily share the responsibilities, duties, and hours of a single full-time position. Each job sharer receives a salary and benefits proportional to the time they work, typically splitting the workload equally or in an agreed ratio. Unlike part-time work, where an employee works fewer hours independently, job sharing involves close collaboration and handover between partners to ensure continuity.

The concept gained prominence in the 1970s as a response to increasing workforce diversity and the need for work-life balance. It has since been adopted by organisations in sectors such as education, healthcare, administration, and IT. Studies indicate that job sharing can improve employee retention, reduce burnout, and increase productivity. A well-managed job share arrangement brings complementary skills and perspectives to a single role, often leading to enhanced problem-solving and innovation.

However, job sharing also presents challenges. Effective communication between partners is essential, yet difficult to maintain without dedicated overlap time. Employers may also face administrative complexities regarding payroll, performance evaluation, and legal liabilities. Furthermore, not all roles are suitable for job sharing; positions requiring constant availability or sequential decision-making may suffer from fragmentation.